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June, 2012:

Quitting smoking in the genes

http://www.health24.com/news/Smoking/1-1250,74827.asp

Last updated: Friday, June 01, 2012 Print

Smokers’ genes may help predict whether they’ll respond to drug treatments for nicotine addiction, a new study indicates.

Researchers analysed data from more than 6 000 smokers in community-based studies and a clinical treatment study and found that the same gene variations that make it difficult to stop smoking also increase the chances that heavy smokers will respond to nicotine-replacement therapy and drugs that reduce the craving for nicotine.

“People with the high-risk genetic markers smoked an average of two years longer than those without these high-risk genes, and they were less likely to quit smoking without medication,” study first author Dr Li-Shiun Chen, an assistant professor of psychiatry at Washington University of Medicine in St. Louis, said.

“The same gene variants can predict a person’s response to smoking-cessation medication, and those with the high-risk genes are more likely to respond to the medication,” Chen said.

How the study was done

In the clinical treatment study, smokers with the high-risk variants were three times more likely than those without the variants to respond to treatments such as nicotine gum, nicotine patches, the antidepressant bupropion (Wellbutrin is one brand) and other drugs used to help people stop smoking.

The findings, published online in the American Journal of Psychiatry, suggest it may eventually be possible to analyse smokers’ genes in order to predict if they’ll benefit from drug treatments for nicotine addiction.

“Smokers whose genetic makeup puts them at the greatest risk for heavy smoking, nicotine addiction and problems kicking the habit also appear to be the same people who respond most robustly to pharmacologic therapy for smoking cessation,” senior investigator Dr. Laura Jean Bierut, a professor of psychiatry, said.

The gene variants in this study aren’t the only ones involved in whether a person smokes, becomes addicted or has difficulty quitting, but they are an important part of the overall nicotine-addiction puzzle, the researchers said.

“These variants make a very modest contribution to the development of nicotine addiction, but they have a much greater effect on the response to treatment,” Bierut said. “That’s a huge finding.”

Read more:
What makes you smoke?

More information

The American Cancer Society offers a guide to quitting smoking.
(Copyright © 2012 HealthDay. All rights reserved.)

Alberta Tories accepted donations from tobacco company

http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calgary/story/2012/05/31/edmonton-donations-t
obacco-company-progressive-conservatives.html

Alberta’s Progressive Conservative government was accepting thousands of
dollars in donations from a tobacco company while it was preparing to sue
the tobacco industry for $10 billion in health care costs, CBC News has
learned.

Financial records filed with Elections Alberta and obtained by CBC News
show that in 2007, 2009, 2010 and 2011, the PCs accepted $23,575 in
donations from National Smokeless Tobacco Ltd., distributor of products
like Skoal and Copenhagen. The company didn’t donate to the party in 2008.

The PC party still accepted donations in 2011 even as the government was
facing pressure to sell investments in tobacco companies and developing its
tobacco reduction strategy.

“Is this why the government took so long to go to court against the tobacco
companies?” asked Edmonton-Centre Liberal MLA Laurie Blakeman. “To be
gentle it’s an irony. To be more fierce about it, it’s a hypocrisy.”

National Smokeless Tobacco also donated $850 to Wildrose last year.

Les Hagen, the director of anti-tobacco group Action on Smoking and Health,
says political parties should return the money and stop accepting donations

Smoking ban begins at Sonoma County outdoor restaurant areas

By MARTIN ESPINOZA
THE PRESS DEMOCRAT

Published: Thursday, May 31, 2012 at 7:00 p.m.

Last Modified: Friday, June 1, 2012 at 7:20 a.m.

Beginning today, smoking is prohibited in outdoor restaurant and bar areas that fall within the jurisdiction of Sonoma County.

The new rule is part of a larger anti-smoking package that seeks to bring the county in line with cities such as Santa Rosa and Sebastopol that have strict smoking prohibitions.

“This is part of envisioning Sonoma County as one of the healthiest places to live, work and play,” said Lynn Silver Chalfin, the county’s new health officer.

“It means that you will be able to go out to dinner, a picnic or celebration and not be exposed to second-hand smoke.”

The areas affected are outside the boundaries of the county’s nine cities and include large swaths of Wine Country, along with smaller communities of Kenwood, Boyes Hot Springs, Bodega, Bodega Bay, Guerneville, Forestville and Graton.

The rule bans smoking in outdoor dining areas such as patios at restaurants, bars and wineries. Designated smoking areas, while permitted,cannot be less than 25 feet from an outdoor dining area, nor can they be within 25 feet of any operable window, door or vent into an enclosed area.

“They can’t set up a designated area that infringes on anybody else’s space,” said Kelly Elder, manager of the healthy communities section of the Sonoma County Department of Health Services.

Last fall, the Sonoma County Board of Supervisors strengthened its existing no-smoking ordinance by banning smoking in multi-unit housing, all county owned property and certain outdoor areas. The no-smoking rules were to take effect in stages.

Since November, smoking has been prohibited in outdoor common areas of multi-unit complexes.

In December, smoking was banned on all county-owned property, entryways and service lines such as theater lines.

Smoking inside apartments, condos and duplexes and in their attached patios will be prohibited beginning next January.

Designated smoking areas are permitted but heavily restricted.

Kerry Andrade, coordinator for the county’s tobacco education program, said that Petaluma, which bans smoking in parks, is considering banning smoking in outdoor dining areas and entryways.

Smoking ban begins at Sonoma County outdoor restaurant areasBy MARTIN ESPINOZA

http://www.pressdemocrat.com/article/20120531/articles/120539871&tc=yahoo?p=2&tc=pg

TobaccoTactics

http://www.tobaccotactics.org/index.php?title=Main_Page

Description: http://www.tobaccotactics.org/images/thumb/f/f2/MEMO0065.JPG/250px-MEMO0065.JPG

The tobacco industry pioneered tactics such as denying the health impacts of its products

TobaccoTactics aims to provide up-to-date information on the Tobacco Industry, its allies or those promoting a pro-tobacco agenda. The website explores how the industry influences and often distorts public health debates, using a whole raft of lobbying and public relations tactics.

TobaccoTactics exposes these tactics and provides explanatory pages on each, illustrated using examples from a series Key Topics such as Point of Sale Display Ban; Smuggling; or Plain Packaging.

Take the example of Plain Packaging. In the Spring of 2012, the UK government launched a public consultation on whether to have plain packs on cigarettes. The issue is one of the most hotly debated public health policies of recent years. If you want to find out how the industry has already been manipulating the debate in Australia, the first country where plain packaging legislation has been passed, click Plain Packaging in Australia.

In the UK, one tobacco analyst predicts a “bare knuckle fight” from the industry over plain packaging. TobaccoTactics outlines the different tactics the industry might use when it comes to this fight. It collates examples from the tobacco industry’s own internal documents, which illustrate how it operated in the past and might well do so in the future when it comes to fighting further restrictions on the marketing of its products.

Investigating the activities of the main tobacco industry players and the links between the Organisations & People involved, TobaccoTactics also seeks to map the echo chamber of the industry and chart its influence on contemporary public health debates.

Like any Wiki project, it is a work in progress; the online equivalent of painting the Forth Bridge.

Key Topics
Click on the links below if you want to find out more on Key Topics currently surrounding the smoking debate.

Organisations and People
Organisations

People

TobaccoTactics
Click on the links below for examples of the different tactics the industry, its allies or those promoting a pro-tobacco agenda are using:

Background

People may ask why the University of Bath has produced this pioneering Wiki. Tobacco remains a leading cause of death, disease and inequalities globally. To address this tobacco epidemic, it is necessary to examine its vector, the tobacco industry. Specifically, we need to explore how the tobacco industry influences public health, both directly through the promotion of products damaging to health, and indirectly through influence over public policy. The Tobacco Control Research Group at the University of Bath has set up TobaccoTactics.org to achieve this.

Health Warnings

Over the last decade, the release of millions of pages of previously secret internal industry documents following litigation in the United States exposed the conduct of the transnational tobacco companies, including:

  • ·        The gap between their internal acceptance of the health impacts of smoking and their active public denials of such impacts;
  • ·        The industry’s efforts to influence the research base for policy-making;
  • ·        The targeted marketing by the industry of cigarettes to vulnerable groups, and
  • ·        The deployment of enormous political influence by the industry to repel regulation.

The important body of research which has emerged has, however, largely been limited to academic articles that are not widely accessible to the general public. Furthermore, the most recent of these industry documents date only to around the mid-2000s. TobaccoTactics.org is a novel attempt to build on established document research by providing a more contemporary analysis of the activities of the Tobacco Industry, its allies and the pro-tobacco movement and to make this work publicly accessible.

Simultaneously TobaccoTactics.org addresses the need to monitor the tobacco industry activities, an action recognised by the World Health Organisation as essential to public health. Over one hundred and seventy countries around the world have signed the WHO’s Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), the world’s first public health treaty negotiated under the auspices of the WHO. Article 5.3 of the Treaty requires signatories to protect their health policies “from commercial and other vested interests of the tobacco industry”. Guidelines on implementation of Article 5.3 highlight, inter alia, the key role that civil society can play in monitoring the tobacco industry, stating:

Nongovernmental organisations and other members of civil society not affiliated with the tobacco industry could play an essential role in monitoring the activities of the tobacco industry.

This is what TobaccoTactics.org is trying to do: help the public monitor the industry, its allies and others promoting the pro-smoking agenda.

Prof Anna Gilmore
head of the Tobacco Control Research Group
University of Bath

See the annotated version of this TobaccoTactics Background for more resources.

Editorial Oversight

TobaccoTactics is a project of the Tobacco Control Research Group at the Department for Health at the University of Bath and is overseen by two managing editors, Eveline Lubbers and Andrew Rowell.TobaccoTactics has a policy of Strict Referencing.
Any feedback or material to add? Please contact us at TobaccoTactics AT bath.ac.uk.

Disclaimer. Some of the research for TobaccoTactics was funded by Cancer Research UK Limited andSmokefree South West. These funders have had no input into the research reported on this website or its conclusions. They are not responsible for the content or the publication, nor do they necessarily endorse it. Published by the University of Bath. Read the General Disclaimer.

Pro-smoking activists threaten and harass health campaigners

Security stepped up for tobacco control group as abuse grows amid moves to make cigarette packets plain

http://www.guardian.co.uk/society/2012/jun/01/pro-smoking-activists-health-campaigners?INTCMP=SRCH

Tobacco companies could be forced to sell cigarettes in plain packets under new proposals being put to the public. Photograph: Simon Belcher/Alamy

Academics and health campaigners are being subjected to threats of violence, harassment and personal abuse by pro-smoking activists as UK ministers consult over whether tobacco should be sold only in plain packets.

Leading advocates of tobacco control have been targeted in an apparent escalation of hate campaigns and intimidation by bloggers and groups who view moves to curb smoking as assaults on personal freedom.

One article, called “sniper the flappers,” hosted by the campaign group Freedom2choose‘s website in March, suggested shooting staff of Action and Smoking and Health and Cancer Research UK, entrepreneur and anti-smoker Duncan Bannatyne and Shona Robison, a former health minister in the Scottish government. The blogpost gave the addresses of Ash offices in London, Edinburgh and Cardiff. Ash called the police.

“Snipers could soon snuff out prohibitionists … It is time the humble smoker fought back against this intolerable persecution, for persecution is exactly what it is … After ‘popping’ a few termites ASHites, CRUK’ers and a few ‘flappers’ they might start to take some notice and report the truth,” it said.

Freedom2choose, which campaigns “to prevent the victimisation of smokers,” removed the article, which it said was satirical. It is still hosted by the website of Smokers Justice, which calls Ash “this new cancer in our society [that] needs to be eradicated.”

Researchers say abuse and threats intensified first with the public debate on removing branding from cigarette packs and now a formal government consultation on the idea.

Bath University has increased security for its tobacco control research group, including installing CCTV. Staff were subjected to abusive and threatening phone calls and emails after publishing an article in January about the illegal trade in a smokeless tobacco called snus.

One caller left a message to be passed to Anna Gilmore, the group’s director, saying: “Tell her that I know people that would like to meet with her in a dark alley.”

The group received about seven calls a day for two months. “The ones I answered were intimidatory; the tone was aggressive. Many of my team felt threatened and worried by this,” said Gilmore.

“We’ve had abuse before, over the debate about banning smoking in public places, and I get some of this every time I publish a paper, but it’s increasing…This is part of a deliberate attempt to misinform the public and politicians, denigrate our research and to harass, denigrate and undermine us as researchers.”

Bath University has launched a new website, TobaccoTactics.org, to monitor and counter moves by the industry and its supporters to fight control measures. Linda Bauld of Stirling University called the police last September when a pro-smoking blogger calling himself Frank Davis wrote that: “You should start worrying when bricks start getting thrown through your window or messages daubed on your door.”

Bauld should emigrate, Davis added, so she would be elsewhere “when your old university department gets torched and your old colleagues are strung up from lamp-posts.”

Bauld said she had received threatening phone calls while she and a colleague had also had “not particularly pleasant emails” after publishing a review of plain tobacco packaging which led to the government consultation.”A lot of the stuff targeted at me was quite misogynist early on”.

Liberal Democrat MP Stephen Williams, chair of Westminster’s all party parliamentary group on smoking and health, has received abuse, including homophobic abuse, on his blog, especially after supporting plain packs. “When people make comments online, I sometimes wonder whether it is a real person or manufactured false identity. There are various front groups for the tobacco industry, and , I think, front individuals who post negative comments.”

Another prominent plain packs advocate experienced attempts to reset passwords on Hotmail, Facebook and iTunes accounts. Friends and relatives on his Facebook page have been contacted by people asking questions about him.

Davis has said of Ash’s director Deborah Arnott that “I’d have had a hard time preventing myself from strangling Arnott on the spot and on camera, or bludgeoning her to death with a microphone stand.” He calls anti-smoking campaigners “Nazis” and has compared Arnott, to Hitler.

Arnott said: “I’m happy to argue on the basis of facts and evidence. But when it comes to personal abuse and intimidation, that’s completely unacceptable. It does seem to have got worse since plain packs began being debated last year.” She believes tobacco industry fears over plain packaging of cigarettes are linked to the apparent upsurge in vitriol and threats, although there is no evidence firms are in any way funding or connected to it.

Another libertarian pro-tobacco blogger, calling himself Dick Puddlecote, wrote that the NHS-funded Smokefree Southwest campaign was made up of “grasping bastards” and called Gabriel Scally, until recently NHS regional director of public health, “part of a bullshit spreading campaign”.

Simon Clark, the director of the Freedom Organisation for the Right to Enjoy Smoking (Forest), who called Frank Davis’s article “stunning”, said he should rather have described it as “powerful”.

“We would never condone threats of any kind, nor do we encourage inflammatory language. The blog in question does not represent our views but it is representative of a small and increasingly vocal minority who are angry at the excessive nature of the smoking ban and the never-ending measures designed to denormalise both smokers and their habit.”

Clark said that since UK-wide bans on smoking in public places many smokers felt disenfranchised. “It is hardly surprising if their frustration occasionally bubbles over and is expressed in colourful or sometimes inappropriate language.”

As for comparisons to Nazis, “As I have said many times, repeated references to a totalitarian regime that slaughtered six million Jews is inappropriate and embarrassing in relation to tobacco control. In terms of building support for our cause, it is entirely counter-productive.”

Doc tipped for health job keen to stub out smokes

Mary Ann Benitez

Friday, June 01, 2012

A former senior executive at the Hospital Authority tipped for the post of health minister in the next administration said he favors tobacco control initiatives.

Ko Wing-man, a core supporter of Chief Executive-elect Leung Chun-yingduring his election campaign and who helped map out Leung’s health plans, said yesterday society is now more receptive to such moves.

“As a doctor and as chairman of the Hong Kong Cancer Society, I would support any initiative to help eliminate tobacco,” he told The Standard on World No Tobacco Day.

That comes as anti-smoking advocates – who called on Leung to take a proactive stance in mandating plain cigarette packaging to save lives – said they have finally got confirmation that his office received their submission.

Experts estimate that the health costs of smoking are a staggering HK$5.3 billion a year – equivalent to the Department of Health’s budget for 2012.

When asked if he is in favor of plain packaging for cigarettes, Ko, however, said he would not go into the details of the initiatives he supports.

Plain packaging would require legislation. Cigarettes and other tobacco products would then come in packs featuring standardized colors and fonts for brand names. A quit line could be added and health warnings – including pictorial ones – made larger.

Ko, an orthopedic surgeon, is not a smoker. He said the community has changed since he was a medical student at the University of Hong Kong in the late 1970s and early 80s when smoking was the norm rather than the exception.

“At that time it was very strange, even our professors were smokers themselves,” Ko said.

“But times have changed and the community now understands the harm of tobacco not only to himself or herself but other people around them.”

Ko has been chairman of the cancer society since 2005.

He took on the role after resigning as the authority’s director of professional services and human resources the previous year in the aftermath of the government’s much-criticized handling of the SARS outbreak in 2003.

World Lung Foundation senior adviser Judith Mackay, meanwhile, said she had got an e-mail from the Office of the Chief Executive-elect saying a group submission has been received.