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Youth Smoking

N.J. ranked worst in nation for trying to keep kids from smoking

For the fifth consecutive year, New Jersey will spend no money to deter kids from tobacco use or help smokers quit the habit, according to a public health advocacy organization which ranked the state last in the nation for its lack of effort.

http://www.nj.com/politics/index.ssf/2016/12/nj_tied_for_last_in_nation_for_its_efforts_to_keep.html

Cigarette smoking among middle schoolers and high schools has been on the decline in New Jersey and nationally for the last decade, according to recent surveys.

But by allocating no state funding to discourage tobacco use, New Jersey does nothing to prevent an estimated 11,800 deaths every year that can be directly attributed to smoking, according to the Tobacco Free Kids Campaign.

Meanwhile, New Jersey will take in $944.5 million in taxes and revenue from the 1998 settlement with the tobacco companies, Matthew L. Myers, President of the Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids.

Young adults under 21 may continue buying tobacco and electronic cigarette products in New Jersey

“New Jersey is putting children’s health at risk and costing taxpayers money by refusing to fund tobacco prevention programs that save lives and health care dollars,” Myers said.

“Because of the tremendous progress our country has made in reducing smoking, it is within our reach to win the fight against tobacco and make the next generation tobacco-free,” Myers said. New Jersey should be doing everything it can to protect kids from tobacco, including raising the tobacco age to 21.”

Gov. Chris Christie vetoed legislation in January that would have raised the smoking age to 21. He did sign a smoking ban in state parks and beaches his year.

State Health Department spokeswoman Donna Leusner said smoking prevention and cessation programs exist in the state, but they are funded by the federal government.

The state uses $2.2 million in federal assistance to run NJ Quitline, 1-866-657-8677, a toll-free hotline and counseling service that offers nicotine replacement therapy such as gum and patches, she said.

The state also operates the Mom’s Quit Connection, linking pregnant women and new mothers who want to quit smoking with trained counselors, and an enforcement program that cracks down on vendors who sell cigarettes to minors 19 and younger.

The trends show smoking is on the decline, especially in New Jersey, Leusner said. “New Jersey’s youth smoking rate has been declining for a decade and is below the national average at 8.2 percent,” according to 2014 data, she said.

New Jersey’s adult smoking rate is well below the national average–15.1 percent vs. 18.1 percent, she added.

On Tuesday, a University of Michigan survey of about 45,000 middle-school and high-school students that found smoking rates have reach historic lows.

From 2015 to 2016, the percentage of youth who smoked in the past 30 days fell from 11.4 percent to 10.5 percent among 12th grader, from 6.3 percent to 4.9 percent among 10th graders, and from 3.6 percent to 2.6 percent among 8th graders, according to the University of Michigan’s Monitoring the Future survey.

New Jersey is tied for last with Connecticut for allocating the least amount of state funds to curb tobacco use, the campaign said.

Tobacco corporations target Africa’s children

http://www.heraldlive.co.za/business/2016/12/08/tobacco-corporations-target-africas-children/

Children in Africa have become a target for tobacco companies‚ research by the African Tobacco Control Alliance (ATCA) has found.

The survey looked at the way in which tobacco companies in five African countries– Burkina Faso‚ Cameroon‚ Benin and Nigeria – get consumers to keep using their product.

It found tobacco use caused about six million deaths yearly‚ with 80% of them occurring in low- and middle-income countries.

Findings show that in Africa‚ smoking prevalence is about 21% among adult men and 3% among women.

About 21% of young boys and 13% of young girls use tobacco products.

“The aggressive sale and marketing strategies of the tobacco industry targeting young people will be among the key contributing factors to the growing epidemic of tobacco use in Africa‚” the report said.

Four strategies were identified as being used to lure children to smoke‚ a concern that was highlighted at the launch of the report in Johannesburg recently.

Advertising and promotion, the sale of single cigarettes, child-friendly flavoured cigarettes and noncompliance with existing tobacco control laws were the main causes for an increase in young children’s interest in smoking.

Sales of single cigarettes were found to be widespread near schools.

National Cancer Institute – The Economics of Tobacco and Tobacco Control

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Duterte urged to sign EO vs public smoking

http://interaksyon.com/article/134751/duterte-urged-to-sign-eo-vs-public-smoking

An anti-tobacco group is urging President Rodrigo Duterte to sign an executive order banning smoking in all public places across the country to fulfill a promise he made.

“We appeal to our dear president, who we know is an ardent anti-smoking advocate, to please sign the smoke-free Philippines EO now. Each day of delay would bring your people closer to becoming victims of the ills of smoking like me as well as those who are not even smoking,” New Vois Association of the Philippines president Emer Rojas, a former chain-smoker who lost his vocal cords due to cancer, said in a statement.

Rojas said the EO would, in particular, help protect non-smokers from second-hand smoke.

He also said it would help save Filipinos, especially the youth, from smoking-related illnesses. He cited the Tobacco Atlas of 2016, which shows 14.5% of Filipinos aged 13 to 15 and 23.8% of adults smoke regularly.

Records show an estimated 240 Filipinos die from tobacco-related diseases daily.

Aside from banning smoking in public places, Rojas said the EO would be the perfect complement to already existing tobacco control measures, specifically Republic Act No. 10351 (Sin Tax Law) and Republic Act No. 10643 (Graphic Health Warning Law).

Health Secretary Paulyn Ubial earlier said Duterte, who has buergers disease, is more than willing to sign the EO. Buerger’s disease is an ailment linked to heavy smoking.

The EO closely follows the smoking ban implemented in Davao City where Duterte was a long-time mayor.

Civil society report unveils tactics of tobacco industry

Shops place cigarettes with candies and snacks, 14pc give free gifts on purchase of cigarettes, 89pc shops do not display ‘No sale to Minors’ signage

https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/167798-Civil-society-report-unveils-tactics-of-tobacco-industry

Islamabad: Fifty percent of the 500 shops surveyed in six major cities of Pakistan including Islamabad and Rawalpindi place cigarettes for sale together with candies and snacks, 14% give ‘limited time offers’ or free gifts on purchase of cigarettes, and 89% shops do not display ‘No sale to Minors’ signage.

This is how multinational cigarette manufacturing companies are systematically targeting enticing children as young as six years old to tobacco addiction as current customers die or quit smoking, reveals a national survey conducted by TheNetwork for Consumer Protection.

The findings of the survey, which is the first of its kind conducted in Pakistan to expose the marketing techniques of tobacco companies, were released at the launching of a report on ‘Monitoring of Tobacco Advertising, Promotion, Sponsorships (TAPS) and Point of Sales (POS) Advertising’ here at a local hotel. Tobacco manufacturers are exposed as employing aggressive marketing techniques including placement of cigarette advertisements on shops selling candies and chocolates, and directly outside the gates of primary and secondary schools throughout Pakistan. The survey was conducted in schools around six major cities namely, Islamabad, Rawalpindi, Peshawar, Lahore, Karachi, and Quetta, where 500 Point of Sales (shops) of cigarettes were monitored.

The event offered a platform that called for adoption of a five-point ‘Charter of Action’ to safeguard Pakistan’s vulnerable school children from the malicious motives of the cigarette manufacturing companies. The charter calls upon the federal government to amend the Prohibition of Smoking and Protection of Non-Smokers Health Act 2002 to comprehensively ban TAPS as per Article 13 of the World Health Organisation Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), which the government ratified in 2005. Secondly, it calls for the development of a strict official mechanism to ensure enforcement of the 2002 law for completely banning sale of cigarettes around schools and holding the multinationals accountable for its gross violations. Thirdly, it urges the government to ensure that shopkeepers selling cigarettes to minors are mandatorily booked and strictly penalized under the law. Fourthly, it calls upon local authorities to ensure that cigarettes are sold in packs of 20 and must not in lose or single sticks.

Finally, the charter calls for enforcement of Tobacco Vendors Act 1958 (that was legislated as part of the West Pakistan and was later adopted by provincial setups) by making licenses mandatory for retail sale of manufactured tobacco.

Supporting the initiative, Senator Nasreen Jalil called for a ban on tobacco advertisements in view of its serious implications on youth. “There should be a strict enforcement of existing tobacco laws to regulate the industry. It is unfortunate that laws are present but are not being enforced. It is an uphill task to control tobacco use and take action against multinational cigarette manufacturers, but we have to do it at every cost,” she said. Nasreen requested the courts to ensure enforcement of tobacco-related laws, and assured that the parliamentarians are ready for necessary legislation to control tobacco use and advertising.

I R Rehman of the Human Rights Commission of Pakistan suggested that a national movement against acts of tobacco manufacturers should be launched with the participation of teachers, social workers, and other stakeholders.

The CEO of TheNetwork, Nadeem Iqbal, rejected the industry’s claim that it sells cigarettes to persons above 18 years of age only. Referred to a previous survey, he said, not a single shopkeeper produced the relevant license required for selling cigarettes at shops. “We have already filed a petition in the IHC for implementation of 85 per cent graphic health warnings on cigarette packs which is not being implemented by manufacturers,” he added. Nadeem also regretted non-compliance of prohibition of smoking in the premises of the Supreme Court and Parliament.

Earlier, Dr. Maria from The Network termed the egregious marketing tactics of multinational cigarette manufacturing companies as a clear violation of the law.

The ceremony also featured small children sharing their personal experiences about sale of tobacco products along side sweets and candies, etc. Bakar Raza claimed being attracted to cigarettes at a shop, which had prominently displayed tobacco products. Five year-old Alina Iqbal said many children are attracted to cigarettes in shops where red and blue boxes of cigarettes are placed with chocolate packs. Muhammad Rabi and Iman Javed objected why shopkeepers are displaying cigarette packs along side chocolates and candies. Laiba Akhtar recollected how a shopkeeper handed over a cigarette pack to her when she demanded one, without inquiring about her age or asking any other question. Mahir Ali and Ayyan displayed banners and chanted slogans against the tactics of multinational tobacco manufacturers. Mian Osama questioned why the government wants to generate revenue at the cost of the health of young people. Nayyab Shakir also shared his experience about sale of tobacco products to youngsters by shopkeepers.

The event was attended by senior officials of the Competition Commission of Pakistan, parliamentarians, and representatives of NGOs and civil society, all of who endorsed the need to stop multinational cigarette manufacturing giants from deceptive marketing practices and selling techniques which attract small children towards tobacco products at retail shops near schools.

Adolescent Risk Behaviors and Use of Electronic Vapor Products and Cigarettes

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Vaping raises likelihood of teenagers starting to smoke, study suggests

Research based on teenagers in California tentatively proposes link but experts say it does not prove that one leads to the other

https://www.theguardian.com/society/2016/nov/08/vaping-raises-likelihood-teenagers-smoke-cigarettes-study-suggests

A study of teenagers in California has tentatively suggested a link between vaping and starting to smoke cigarettes, although experts say it does not prove that one leads to the other.

About 37% of teens in the US have tried vaping, and there is widespread anxiety that young people who use e-cigarettes may be more likely to start smoking as a result.

The study, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), looked at vaping and smoking in more than 3,000 teenagers, aged about 15, in the 10th grade of 10 public high schools in Los Angeles county, California.

The numbers who vaped or smoked at all were small – only 26 who had never smoked at the beginning of the study said at the end of the follow-up period, six months later, that they had used e-cigarettes and also smoked in the previous month. Others had previously smoked infrequently or frequently.

But the researchers did find a trend. The more the teenagers said they had vaped, the more likely they were to smoke cigarettes. The more frequent vapers were also likely to smoke more heavily.

The public health community is divided over the pros and cons of e-cigarettes. Some doctors believe they may be the best tool yet for helping established smokers quit the habit, but others are less convinced and warn they could be a means of hooking non-smokers into a tobacco habit.

The authors of the study – Adam Leventhal, of the University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, and colleagues – acknowledge there are many unknowns but conclude that: “The transition from vaping to smoking may warrant particular attention in tobacco control policy.”

Why can’t scientists agree on e-cigarettes?

Other experts said although the study was well conducted, it could not explain the link. “This study could not tell us if it is something about the young people that vape that predisposes them to smoking or that vaping itself makes smoking more likely,” said Paul Aveyard, professor of behavioural medicine at the University of Oxford. It was well known that teenagers who tried one risky behaviour were more likely to be willing to try another.

“Smoking in young people has fallen in the UK and the US to record lows in the past few years, despite the rise in prevalence of young people experimenting with e-cigarettes,” he said.

“Very few young people who do not smoke cigarettes become regular users of e-cigarettes. In this context, we should not worry unduly about this study’s findings, but it is important to monitor smoking in young people and its relationship with e-cigarette use.”

Prof John Britton, director of the UK centre for tobacco and alcohol studies at the University of Nottingham, said the study “doesn’t tell us whether vaping caused these young people to start smoking, or whether they would have started smoking anyway; or whether vaping prevented some young people who would otherwise have become smokers from progressing to tobacco smoking.”

Children whose parents were smokers and trying to give up would be more likely to have access to e-cigarettes – and also more at risk of starting to smoke in the first place.

“The key question is whether vaping is increasing smoking uptake, over and above that underlying risk,” said Britton. “This study doesn’t answer that question; but it does show that if it does, the proportions of children affected are very small.”

Tobacco-control groups turn to billboard messages

http://www.premiumtimesng.com/health/health-news/214492-tobacco-control-groups-turn-billboard-messages.html

Anti-tobacco groups in Nigeria Thursday unveiled a billboard in Abuja to press home demands for the adoption of Regulations for Implementation of the National Tobacco Control Act 2015 by the Nigerian government.

The unveiling came as the Federal Ministry of Health begins deliberations on regulations for the effective implementation of the Act which will be transmitted to the National Assembly for approval.

“Why are we putting up this billboard? And why this location? For us, the unveiling of this billboard is not the mere ceremony of a big and colourful advertisement,” said Akinbode Oluwafemi, Deputy Executive Director, Environmental Rights Action/Friends of the Earth Nigeria.

“It is not competition over a product. This is an innovation in getting our advocacy messages on public health to our esteemed lawmakers who have the onerous task of approving the tobacco control regulations for effective implementation of the NTC Act. The message we have on the board is also intended to resonate with our kids who are intelligent and will ask their parents what the issues are. They will ask questions and we will have to answer them.

“For the wider public, the billboard is like a television set that you cannot switch off. It is always there, they will always see it. Unlike television or magazine adverts, you cannot flip the channel or turn the page. So, for our lawmakers who traverse this route daily, they cannot miss it and the message will stick. Most importantly we want it to galvanise them to action.”

Nigeria’s Tobacco Control Bill was signed into law by former President Goodluck Jonathan in May 2015.

But its implementation has continued to throw up a challenge for the government.

Anti-tobacco advocate groups say between the period the bill was signed into law and July this year when the Health Minister, Isaac Adewole, inuagurated the National Tobacco Control Committee, the tobacco industry had fought relentlessly to sabotage implementation.

Mr. Oluwafemi said a lot of “shocking developments” spearheaded by tobacco companies had demanded an expedited action on tobacco control regulations in the country.

“We have recorded among others, Philip Morris International Nigeria Limited (PMINTL) illicit cigarette imports from Senegal; an unwarranted aspersion on the integrity of NATOCC members by the Initiative for Public Policy Analysis (IPPA) – a group that was in the fore of British America Tobacco Nigeria (BATN) campaign for a sufficiently weakened tobacco law in Nigeria; and now the unrelenting marketing gimmicks targeted at our kids,” Mr. Oluwafemi said..

“The attempt to get our kids hooked through kiosks and other Point of Sale (POS) near schools is now a big issue not only in Nigeria but across Africa. In Cameroun, Togo, Uganda to list a few countries, these things are happening. Our concern, however, is that Nigeria still remains the biggest market for the tobacco industry on the African continent because of its teeming population of vibrant youths.

“In virtually all the states of the federation, street corners and around schools have been targeted by the tobacco death merchants to market new flavours of cigarettes. Is it not very disturbing to know that there are orange, vanilla and Amarula flavours of cigarettes now being openly displayed and sold to capture the attention of our kids and addict them to smoking?”

Mr. Oluwafemi said the billboard message would go hand in hand with their push for the Health Ministry to expedite action on the Nigeria Tobacco Control regulations for the full implementation of the Act.

“We have said it time and again, delay is dangerous. The time to Act is now.”

The Tobacco Control Atlas: ASEAN Region

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Tobacco Industry Targets Schools in Africa

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